EXPLAINER: Lab results and their interpretation

Dear @Tusername1,

It’s great to hear that you were able to get another test that shows that you are HBsAg-negative, which is more consistent with all of the other test results. It is most likely that the original hospital results were a false positive.

Thomas

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Hi Experts,
I would like to have a deeper understanding of my results:

Age: 32 Years Old (First diagnosed at 23 years of age)
Sex: Male

AST: 12 U/L
ALT: 20 U/L
Total Bilirubin: 0.7 mg/dL
Albumin: 4.4g/dL
Alkaline Phosphatase: 81 U/L

HB e Antigen: Non-Reactive
HB e Antibody: Reactive
HBV DNA IU/ML: 26 IU/ML
HBV DNA LOG10: 1.42 Log 10
Alphafeto Protein: <3.0ng/mL

  1. Can any expert comment on interpreting my results?
  2. Do I need to speak to my doctor for treatment?
  3. Am I infectious to others?
  4. Am I eligible for any on-going clinical trials (GSK B-Well Study Phase 3 Trials)

I would greatly appreciate the help!

Hello Thomas,

Could you please help me the the meaning of my report in brief?
HbsAg: Positive
HBV DNA: 1233.85 IU/mL
Anti HCV: Negative
IgM anti HEV: Negative
Anti HBe: 0.01
HBeAg: 0.37
HIV: Negative
ALT: 36.9
AST: 34.1

Can someone explain to me what this actually means? My blood tests are starting to come in. Still waiting for liver tests

Hi!

Can someone confirm I’m interpreting my test correctly;

  1. HBsAG- non-reactive
  2. HBsAb- reactive
  3. Hep B Core Total Ab- non-reactive

I believe this means I’m immune, right?

Thank you!

Dear @nzkhan90,

Welcome to the forum. Your results are consistent with the immune control phase of chronic Hepatitis B. The low HBV DNA and normal ALT levels are good indicators that your body is suppressing the virus well. Your low HBV DNA levels also indicates that you have low chance of transmitting the infection to anyone else, but there is always a risk.

My reading of the inclusion criteria of the B-Well Study (ClinicalTrials.gov) suggests that you meet inclusion criteria, but you would need to visit a doctor and perhaps have more tests to make sure that you do not meet the exclusion criteria.

Dear @anonymous36, it’s hard to say what’s going on with your HBeAg and anti-HBe without the units. What specific information you want to know from these results?

Dear @Penguin50, this says that the level of virus in your blood is very low.

It shows you probably have been vaccinated. To be sure you’re immune, you should have your antibody levels checked to see if they are above 10mIU/mL.

Thomas

Dear Experts:
Please explain the findings from two ultrasounds done in March of this year:
Ultrasound of complete abdomen: Coarsened hepatic parenchymal echogenicity. No evidence of fatty infiltration. No focal lesions, cysts or masses. The sagittal dimension of the liver is 15.2 cm.

Ultrasound of elastography: Mild to moderate fatty infiltration of the liver. Increased echogenicity noted within the portal triads which can be associated with hepatocellular disease, hepatitis or possibly a normal variant for this patient.

Does the echogenicity distinguish between liver fibrosis and liver steatosis? The liver ultrasound finds no evidence of fatty infiltration, but the ultrasound elastography finds mild to moderate fatty infiltration.

And what does “increased echogenicity within the portal triads” mean? Which other organs are affected by this? Is this a natural progression of hepatitis B despite the treatment of Vemlidy since 2019? The mild fatty infiltration was noted in a 2020 ultrasound report. Prior to that year, the findings were normal. So I’m thinking it has progressed to a moderate degree. The fibrosis score is a normal Metavir score of F0.

I’m 5’4",105 pounds, cannot afford to lose 10% of my weight. I eat healthy, exercise, don’t drink. What more can I do to halt the progression of the fatty infiltration? How serious is the fatty infiltration?

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So interesting to see peoples are hard working to find cure for hepatitis-B infection

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Dear @Tehminbrown,

My understanding is that elastography (e.g. Fibroscan) will give 2 scores:

  1. a CAP score (shown in dB/m), which is a measure of fat in the liver
  2. a liver stiffness score (shown in kPa), which is a measure of how much scarring there is in the liver

Ultrasound isn’t a very sensitive measure of fat accumulation in the liver, so that might be where the differences come in.

I’m actually not sure what “increased echogenicity within the portal triads”, and it doesn’t quite make sense to me.

Fatty liver can happen independent of HBV. Regarding treatment, this is something that you’d have to talk to your doctor about. It sounds like you’re doing the right things and it can take some time to correct the fatty liver. Many people (on average 1 out of 3 people) live with fatty liver and don’t know about it because they don’t do the tests like we do due to our Hep B care.

Thomas

Hi! Thank you for the reply. The neutralization test is considered a confirmatory test. The results are attached here!

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Unfortunately, I can’t upload photos. Here are the results copy and pasted.

TEST 1:
HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN W/
REFLEX TO CONFIRMATION

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
Your Value: Reactive
Standard Range: Non Reactive

Reactive Specimen considered repeatedly reactive.
HBsAG Neutralization Reflex Confirmatory ordered.

TEST 2:
Component Results
HBSAG Confirmed Neutralization

Your Value: NOT CONFIRMED

Confirmed Positive: Specimen confirmed positive for HBsAg
Not Confirmed Positive: Specimen repeatedly reactive but not
confirmed.
The presence of HAg cannot be confirmed with
neutralization.
This may be due to the presence of a nonspecific reaction
(false positive) in the specimen. If clinically indicated, the
patient may be evaluated for other serological markers of HBV
infection such as total anti-HBc or IgM anti-HBc, and/or that
the patient be reevaluated for the presence of HBsAg in 4 to 6
weeks.

Hi, everyone! I posted a little over two months ago and I am back a little less panicked than I was before, thanks in large part to the information in this community. I’m still waiting to schedule an appointment for my liver ultrasound, but I was finally able to get the results of my bloodwork:

  • ​Hepatitis B core antibody (or anti-HBc): Reactive
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen (or HBsAg): Reactive
  • Hepatitis B surface antibody (or anti-HBs): Non reactive
  • HBV, Quantitative:1,239
  • HBV, Log: 3.09
  • ALT: 11
  • AST: 18
  • AFP: <3
  • Bilirubin, Total: 0.6
  • HBeAg: Negative
  • Anti-HBe: Positive

Based on the results above I was hoping you would be able to answer a few questions:

  1. Is my viral load considered high?
  2. Based on my viral load might I be a candidate for treatment? (I am a 33 year old woman.) I know this is something my doctor and I will need to discuss, but I would like to be equipped for future conversations with him as I was not comfortable with the information I received during my visit and may seek a second opinion.
  3. Is there potential for my DNA levels to decrease without treatment or is the trajectory generally upward?
  4. Is there anyway to tell if my transmission and liver disease risk are higher or lower? I think I read somewhere on the forum that if you are HBeAg negative your risk might be slightly lower? (I know the risk is always there; I’m just curious).
  5. If I am reading things correctly on the AASLD website, I am likely in the inactive phase of chronic hep b? Is this phase often associated with liver damage?
  6. Are there guidelines to determine if I should I test for Hep D?

Thank you so much to all of the researchers and medical professionals supporting and educating us through this! Your help is really invaluable.

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Thank you, Thomas. I have an appointment with the doctors next week. It seems I get different results depending on where the ultrasound and the Fibroscan are done. The only consistent finding is that the kPa is in the F0-F1 range. So I guess there is some truth to it. But doesn’t fatty infiltration leads to scarring as well?

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Dear @Bbeale,

Is this correct that it is showing your HBsAg results are not confirmed? What are your other results like? Are you anti-HBc positive? Are you anti-HBs positive?

Dear @Willienillie,

Glad you are feeling better about your diagnosis. Regarding your questions:

1 and 2: A viral load of 1,239 is relatively low and, by itself, in the absence of liver damage (as measured by fibroscan) you would be outside treatment criteria for most guidelines.
3: For some people, the immune system is able to suppress the virus without treatment. But it varies from person to person.
4: Lower HBV DNA levels are associated with lower disease progression. People who are HBeAg-negative generally have lower HBV DNA levels. Moreover, the lower the level of HBV DNA, the lower the chance of transmission.
5: Yes, inactive phase is a reasonable interpretation. This phase is generally associated with low progression of liver disease.
6: All people with HBsAg should be checked for Hep D.

Thomas

Dear @BONAPARTE,

What in particular did you want to know about your results?

Thomas

Those this mean my hbv is not replicating

Dear @Olatunbosun_Giwa,

From this data, you cannot determine how much HBV is replicating. To find this out, you need to have a HBV DNA test (PCR).

The rest of your results suggest that you have a chronic HBV infection.

Thomas

@ThomasTu I’m not medically inclined in my discipline but from what I read about neutralization test, the test is carried out to rule out false positive due to the presences of heterophilic antibodies. Sometimes, the HBsAg assay reacts to these antibodies found in some people, that is people with rheumatoid arthritis, people who keep pets like Ram, etc… The test is a dilution test that neutralizes these antibodies in the sample.

  1. I want to know if the viral load is alarming.

  2. How it’s replicating.